Subordinating Conjunctions

'Subordinating conjunctions' join an independent clause with a subordinate dependent clause. 

So, a dependent clause has two parts like a child is dependent upon their parents...

Example: a child exists because of its parents conceiving and giving birth to it.
Like: effect is child
Cause: parents having had sex.

References:
(c)7ESL (2021)
'Subordinating Conjunctions: Useful List and Examples', [Online]. Available at www.7esl.com (Accessed on 21st January 2021).

'... introduces a dependent clause and indicates the nature of the relationship among the dependent clause(s) and the independent clause(s).'

'Most common in English language include some such: than,  rather than,  whether,  as much as,  whereas, that, whatever,  which,  whichever,  after,  as soon as,  as long as,  before,  by the time,  now that,  once,  still, till, until,  when,  whenever,  while,  though,  although,  even though,  who,  whoever,  whom, whomever, whose,  where,  wherever,  if,  only if,  unless,  provided that,  assuming that,  even if,  in case(that), lest, how,  as though,  as if,  because,  since,  so that,  in order(that), that, ....'

'... independent clause...' a unit containing a subject and a verb. 

'Example: "It was raining"...'the subject is "it," and the verb is "was raining."'
'A dependent clause is a clause which cannot exist on its own; or needs a independent clause to go with it.'